![]() Mandibular hypoplasia is a frequently encountered anomaly in the pediatric population and can be either congenital or acquired.( 1) While mandibular hypoplasia developing from radiation, trauma, or hemifacial atrophy fall into acquired/developmental post-natal etiologies, congenital mandibular hypoplasia can occur in patients with Pierre Robin sequence or Treacher Collins syndrome.( 2) In either case, patients with hypoplastic mandibles can suffer from both deficits in form and function. These findings underscore distinct considerations which must be made in surgical planning for reconstruction. Three-dimensional mandibular morphometric analysis in patients with Pierre Robin sequence and Treacher Collins syndrome thus revealed distinctly different patterns of mandibular hypoplasia relative to normal controls. In addition, the gonial angle was more obtuse in both the Pierre Robin sequence and Treacher Collins syndrome groups compared with the controls. This resulted in distinctly different ramus height/mandibular body length ratios. Mandibular body length was found to be significantly shorter for children with Pierre Robin sequence while ramus height was significantly shorter for children with Treacher Collins syndrome. These were then compared to control children with normal mandibles and to clinical norms corrected for age and sex based on previously published measurements. Three-dimensional reconstruction was performed and ramus height, mandibular body length, and gonial angle were measured. A retrospective analysis was performed identifying children with Pierre Robin sequence and Treacher Collins syndrome receiving CT scans. The purpose of this study was to therefore compare mandibular morphology in children with Pierre Robin sequence to children with Treacher Collins syndrome using three-dimensional analysis of computed tomography (CT) scans. ![]() It has been hypothesized, however, that the mandible may be differentially affected. Pierre Robin sequence and Treacher Collins syndrome are both associated with mandibular hypoplasia. ![]()
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